http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003073.htm
, s+ Q. y& k5 a( q; jCoughing up bloodEmail this page to a friendShare on facebookShare on twitterBookmark & SharePrinter-friendly version
- c/ N0 R- |7 UCoughing up blood is the spitting up of blood or bloody mucus from the lungs and throat (respiratory tract).
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& i% N: i: c3 H6 E# i) B; ^Hemoptysis is the medical term for coughing up blood from the respiratory tract.4 Y+ m: s3 y W
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Considerations
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Coughing up blood is not the same as bleeding from the mouth, throat, or gastrointestinal tract.
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Blood that comes up with a cough often looks bubbly because it is mixed with air and mucus. It is usually bright red, although it may be rust-colored. Sometimes the mucus may only contain streaks of blood.0 T- f/ l- q/ V* u
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Causes4 j7 f% X$ a) }. \$ }$ T0 ?' I5 j
, u, h! w! n. V9 kA number of conditions, diseases, and medical tests may make you cough up blood, including:, c8 ?- v6 X! H' H8 Q
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Blood clot in the lung( o1 r1 w, _+ d4 g9 M4 ?# U$ o
Breathing blood into the lungs (pulmonary aspiration): b1 z5 J5 p& p" K- y
Bronchoscopy with biopsy8 D4 I7 o9 U% I! o- h! @" {
Bronchiectasis3 o$ D+ v/ F! l8 M+ o6 u
Bronchitis
6 o. g# [, X l+ xCancer1 j6 _9 t1 @% R8 u. o! B8 @
Cystic fibrosis) {9 D( m2 A* @( z' i1 k
Inflammation of the blood vessels in the lung (vasculitis)
# E8 c( @) u, {2 eInjury to the arteries of the lungs2 ?$ Y5 `% w7 \: w/ @
Irritation of the throat from violent coughing (small amounts of blood)
7 ]) C$ o( ?- w# mPneumonia or other lung infections
2 W4 Z5 r4 _9 APulmonary edema; G4 o4 ^0 j+ v2 a. `
Systemic lupus erythematosus
! f, |( n4 j; D7 `5 ETuberculosis* d& s' C* y, Y/ H' ~
Home Care I, I# g4 Y' I
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Cough suppressants may help if this condition is due to throat irritation from violent coughing. However, cough suppressants may lead to airway blockages in some cases. Always check with your doctor before using them.
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8 ~0 {: p5 g9 a9 \It is very important to note how long you cough up blood, and how much blood is mixed with the mucus. Contact your doctor any time you cough up blood, even if you do not have any other symptoms.
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8 W' f T# o' |7 r. P: p+ OWhen to Contact a Medical Professional
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9 m, h w, Y t5 w2 }9 kGet medical help right away if you cough up blood and have:( D7 j3 a; D4 Z. _$ Y5 X- }3 {
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A cough that produces more than a few teaspoons of blood0 K `% M: G" T* J; P4 i
Blood in your urine or stools9 Z, \% }) _- S8 D# R) ^4 O$ f9 I
Chest pain6 I& s) v$ e: u: R& A
Dizziness
; Z3 G; o% C1 |( d4 q' j9 V9 NFever% T- V, Q- Y4 D# ^
Light-headedness$ ?4 q* ?/ }! o+ @$ a$ E/ x* d
Severe shortness of breath
! g+ |% Q+ h# s3 Z( LWhat to Expect at Your Office Visit
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In an emergency case, your doctor will give you treatments to control your condition. The doctor will then ask you questions about your cough, such as:2 I& ]4 o6 _; b6 v) C7 v0 t
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Type
/ C5 b+ i: D+ Z M# v! wAre you coughing up large amounts of blood (massive hemoptysis)?9 i7 y7 Y2 R4 v
Can you see blood when you cough up something?
/ q- R- j, G2 x9 S$ ]# a2 N, `How many times have you coughed up blood?
% t! A; `8 d0 \2 L" O: }& T% k6 rIs there blood-streaked mucus (phlegm)?
0 z3 w6 I( b% @. ~# J# `% p3 T5 C0 \Time pattern7 R; Z( p* B1 l: x9 g) G% L
Did it begin suddenly?
: f' J3 x( Y% `# jHas it increased recently?
" q& ?, S7 j0 y6 jFor how many weeks has the cough lasted?
, p" ?2 U8 A7 j. K2 X/ K; JIs the cough worse at night?8 c0 |5 J+ ~7 C: P2 o, F1 v& X/ j
What other symptoms do you have?- M4 }. f/ M6 `, ~- @/ A7 H
The doctor will do a complete physical exam and check your chest and lungs. Tests that may be done include:
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Bronchoscopy, a test to view the airways# q* M! f5 U# o# l& l
Chest CT scan! F# j4 N4 k, V2 d0 b1 ~9 L$ m: B2 X
Chest x-ray9 Z) J% `+ {3 g. _" ]& W- V
Complete blood count
. H/ U3 r' {7 H. }, bLung biopsy
, K6 y1 y& @0 {9 `# nLung scan
2 a$ F6 A! H. Y% ? @' [Pulmonary arteriography
0 S/ V% s3 u# }7 a- ySputum culture and smear
* G9 }* t" q, ]% _+ bTest to see if the blood clots normally, such as PT or PTT |
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